In the fall of 1941, the very first medical units were sent to Iceland.ĭuring the period January – July 1942, inclusive, a large number of Hospital Units moved overseas: 2 Evacuation, 2 Surgical, 4 General, 14 Station Hospitals went to Australia – 2 Evacuation, 2 General, and 2 Station Hospitals were shipped to the South Pacific – 2 Station Hospitals were transferred to the Central Pacific – 1 General and 1 Station Hospital went to Northern Ireland – 1 General Hospital to Iceland – 2 General and 3 Station Hospitals to England – and more later embarked for India and northwest Canada. John’s, Newfoundland in January, and other groups followed to Trinidad and Bermuda in April. Projects to garrison the Atlantic Bases got under way early in 1941 a first medical group was sent to St. Partial view of a 600-bed Emergency Medical Services Hospital, at Bristol, England, May 42. This type of British medical installations located in the Western Base Section, was to be transferred to the US Army and turned into General or Station Hospitals. Similar facilities were also available in the Southern Base Section at places such as Taunton, Bath, Tidworth, Winchester, Oxford, and Cheltenham, and in the Eastern Base Section at Diddington, Mansfield, Newmarket, Nottingham, Histon, etc. The American medical build-up gathered momentum in summer and fall of 1942 with the steady increase of US troops in the European Theater … Background Information:įurnishing hospitalization facilities for overseas areas became another phase of the US War Department plans. The first US Army medical contingents were now about to enter the “European Theater of Operations”… on January 24, 1942, another organization was created, the United States Army Northern Ireland Force (USANIF). After the attack against Pearl Harbor, the War Department activated the Headquarters, United States Army Forces in the British Isles (USAFBI), the date was January 8, 1942, Chief Surgeon was Col.
ESTABLISHED A WAR HOSPITAL FULL
Hawley (MC) was transferred to the United Kingdom to draft and prepare full plans for an American medical build-up and support in Northern Ireland and the British Isles. Medical and sanitary conditions, hospital distribution, medical organization, evacuation of wounded, preventive medicine, number of beds, medical emergencies, all this information was of utmost importance to the USWD in preparation of medical planning. Anything that was deemed – nice to know, or necessary to know – was investigated, collected, and requested. Chaney (US Air Corps) who headed the delegation formerly designated “Special Observers Group” (SPOBS). The first US Army Military Mission to England set up its Headquarters in London, on May 19, 1941. Their task was to assist the British Ministry of Health in combating outbreaks of paratyphoid, scabies, and other diseases which were a constant threat in the crowded and bomb damaged cities.
American medical help had already been sent in the form of a “Contagious Disease Treatment and Control Unit”, officially designated the American Red Cross – Harvard Field Hospital Unit including a laboratory, a 125-bed Hospital, and a number of mobile investigating teams. Bliss) to report on Hospitalization and Evacuation methods.
Late 1940, the Medical Department dispatched an official Observer (Col. US Military Observers were sent to Great Britain to keep abreast of British wartime technical developments and to study the overall British war effort (the United States was not yet at war). The initial objective was to establish Army Forces in the British Isles in order to protect them from a possible enemy invasion another objective was to relieve a number of British troops for operations in the Mediterranean, and to reinforce the Royal Air Force with aircraft and personnel. The European Theater of Operations which was to conduct the US Army’s largest and most complex land campaign of WW2 and complete the destruction of Nazi Germany, had rather modest beginnings! In agreement with its Allies, the United States Government decided to deal with ‘Germany first’ … Mid-46, only 21 Hospitals remained with a total of 12,000 beds. The building was a former German ‘Reserve-Lazarett (local reserve, or emergency hospital) which was taken over by American Occupation Forces. Revised post V-J Day hospitalization plans for Germany provided 38 Hospitals to serve the US Occupation Forces, including 8 General Hospitals – 10 Field Hospitals – and 1 Convalescent Hospital. By 1 Jan 46, this number was already down to 35 Hospitals, of which 16 were non-operational, awaiting re-deployment or inactivation. View of a General Hospital, at Bayreuth, Germany, late August 45.
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